The CEFR Companion volume broadens the scope of language education. It reflects academic and societal developments since the publication of the Common European

This book contains descriptor scales which describe the linguistic skills needed by language learners to become competent speakers of another language.

In response to a growing need expressed by the users of the CEFR, the Language Policy Division developed a manual and a set of accompanying tools to be used to

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and its Companion Volume have established themselves as an indispensable reference point for all